What aspect of cybersecurity does the NIS Directive primarily focus on?

The NIS Directive, or the Directive on Security of Network and Information Systems, primarily focuses on enhancing cybersecurity capabilities across the EU member states. Its objective is to improve the overall level of security of network and information systems, which are crucial for the functioning of the digital economy and society. The directive aims to ensure that essential services and digital service providers implement adequate security measures and report incidents, thereby elevating the resilience of the networks that support these critical services.

This focus on enhancing cybersecurity capabilities is part of a broader strategy to create a more coordinated and comprehensive approach to cybersecurity across Europe, making it a vital aspect of national and international cybersecurity efforts. It fosters cooperation and information sharing among member states, which is essential for tackling cyber threats effectively.

In contrast, the other options either delve into specific aspects of cybersecurity that are more narrowly defined or pertain to different regulatory frameworks. Data encryption methods relate to the specific technical controls that can enhance security but are not the overarching focus of the NIS Directive. Consumer data privacy concerns regulations like the GDPR, which focuses on personal data protection rather than the broader cybersecurity measures addressed by the NIS Directive. Online transaction security closely relates to financial services and e-commerce but does not encapsulate the wider scope of network and information system