What should be implemented to ensure that each SAML token has a limited lifetime?

To ensure that each SAML token has a limited lifetime, implementing time-based expiration for SAML assertions is crucial. This mechanism involves specifying a validity period within the assertion itself, typically indicated by attributes such as the "NotBefore" and "NotOnOrAfter" timestamps. By doing so, the system can ensure that a token will only be accepted within a predefined timeframe, effectively mitigating the risk of session replay attacks and unauthorized access due to stale tokens.

Incorporating this strategy is essential for maintaining security in scenarios where sensitive information or resources are accessed, as it limits the window of opportunity for an attacker to exploit a compromised token. Therefore, having a defined expiration policy is a best practice for managing SAML tokens and safeguarding user authentication workflows.